All About Smoking in the Philippines Essay

The campaign against smoking, which kills close to 90,000 people a year in the Philippines – on a par with the number of deaths in natural disasters or conflicts – is becoming a losing battle. â€Å"My friends look so cool smoking,† Arnold Santos of Mandaluyong City said, who took up the habit out of peer pressure. â€Å"Now, I smoke 10 cigarettes a day,† the 17-year-old, who has no plans of quitting just yet, said. Despite the passage of the Tobacco Control Act, more Filipino youths are now smoking, â€Å"indicating that the law has not been effective†, Maricar Limpin, executive director of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Alliance Philippines (FCAP), said. The 2003 act sets both the guidelines for and regulation of the packaging, sale, distribution and advertisements of tobacco products. Among others, it mandates the printing of warnings in either English or Filipino of the harmful effects of smoking. Yet a recent global youth tobacco survey showed that smoking prevalence among Filipino youth had jumped from 15 percent in 2003 to 21.6 percent in 2007. â€Å"We are losing the war against smoking,† Limpin conceded. At least 240 Filipinos die each day – 87,600 a year – from smoking-related diseases such as lung cancer, cardiac arrest, stroke and other chronic-obstructive lung failures, the health department reported. These figures are based on the 2005-2006 Tobacco and Poverty Study in the Philippines conducted by the College of Public Health of the University of the Philippines, National Epidemiology Center of the Department of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO). The figures are higher than Malaysia and Vietnam, where 10,000 and 40,000 people respectively die each year from smoking-related diseases, but lower than Indonesia, where 400,000 people die annually. Graphic warnings Since 2007, separate bills have been pending with lawmakers to introduce the printing of graphic health warnings. An FCAP survey on 10,000 Filipino youths revealed they were more receptive to graphic warnings than text warnings. Limpin said the survey showed that the graphic design had a better ability to convey the health risks related to smoking and some said it stopped them from buying cigarettes. While the visual warning has little effect on long-time smokers, preventing young people from taking up the habit would deny tobacco companies a new market, Limpin said. â€Å"The industry knows that the introduction of graphic warnings threatens its future market,† Limpin said. In the Senate, the bill is now being discussed in the plenary. But in the House, composed of district and party list representatives from all 78 provinces, the bill has not passed the committee level because of opposition from legislators. â€Å"It is being blocked because of fears it could kill the tobacco industry,† Northern Samar Rep. Paul Daza, main author of the anti-smoking bill, said. According to the National Tobacco Authority, more than 57,000 farmers are engaged in tobacco farming. La Union Rep. Victor Francisco said the main flaw of the bill was that it would raise the prices of local tobacco products compared with imports. To compete, local manufacturers would have no choice but to increase their prices because of the additional cost, he said. In addition, the bill failed to factor in the repercussions on local livelihoods; almost two million people depend on the tobacco industry. â€Å"Our tobacco farmers, especially in the north, cannot easily shift to other crops because the soil is not compatible with other produce,† Francisco said. The WHO’s Tobacco Framework Convention on Tobacco, to which the Philippines is a signatory, recommends the use of effective campaigns against tobacco consumption. Article 11 requires that state signatories adopt effective measures by September 2008, but the Philippines missed the deadline. Filed under medicine, philippines Harmful Health Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes The harmful health effects of smoking cigarettes presented in the list below only begin to convey the long term side effects of smoking. Quitting makes sense for many reasons but simply put: smoking is bad for health. Harmful Effects of Smoking * Every year hundreds of thousands of people around the world die from diseases caused by smoking cigarettes – Smoking KILLS. * One in two lifetime smokers will die from their habit. Half of these deaths will occur in middle age. * Tobacco smoke also contributes to a number of cancers. * The mixture of nicotine and carbon monoxide in each cigarette you smoke temporarily increases your heart rate and blood pressure, straining your heart and blood vessels. * This can cause heart attacks and stroke. It slows your blood flow, cutting off oxygen to your feet and hands. Some smokers end up having their limbs amputated. * Tar coats your lungs like soot in a chimney and causes cancer. A 20-a-day smoker breathes in up to a full cup (210 g) of tar in a year. * Changing to low-tar cigarettes does not help because smokers usually take deeper puffs and hold the smoke in for longer, dragging the tar deeper into their lungs. * Carbon monoxide robs your muscles, brain and body tissue of oxygen, making your whole body and especially your heart work harder. Over time, your airways swell up and let less air into your lungs. * Smoking causes disease and is a slow way to die. The strain of smoking effects on the body often causes years of suffering. Emphysema is an illness that slowly rots your lungs. People with emphysema often get bronchitis again and again, and suffer lung and heart failure. * Lung cancer from smoking is caused by the tar in tobacco smoke. Men who smoke are ten times more likely to die from lung cancer than non-smokers. * Heart disease and strokes are also more common among smokers than non-smokers. * Smoking causes fat deposits to narrow and block blood vessels which leads to heart attack. * Smoking causes around one in five deaths from heart disease. * In younger people, three out of four deaths from heart disease are due to smoking. * Cigarette smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight, prematurity, spontaneous abortion, and perinatal mortality in humans, which has been referred to as the fetal tobacco syndrome. As mentioned earlier, this list can only begin to convey the harmful health effects of smoking cigarettes and its long term side effects. Next we consider reasons why smoking is bad for those around you in the effects of second hand smoke. Quit-Smoking-Stop.com  ©2011 Len Johnson. All Rights Reserved. – Medical Disclaimer – Privacy – Advantages and Disadvantages of Smoking Smoking is a bad habit widespread among teenagers.It contains dangerous items which destroy the human brain and lungs. It causes different diseases such as cancer in different areas in the human body. From the religious point of view,it’s prohibited . There are different clear versuses in the Holy Qura’n as God says;†Don’t throw yourself in the destroy.† The reason of the teenagers’ smoking is based on psychologica factors.Through smoking they think they show people that they are adult and can do whatever they want. Advantages and Disadvantages of Smoking The great tobacco debate has been going on for years. Ever since it was determined that smoking cigarettes causes lung cancer, along with a host of other diseases, non-smokers have been railing against the evils of cigarettes, while many smokers have clung to their tobacco like a miser with his last penny. But the question is, are the smokers right? Are there indeed advantages to tobacco use? Die-hard cigarette users claim many benefits to smoking, some are the following: * Peer group acceptance if peers smoke * Effective weight loss aid * Performance enhancement in tasks requiring * concentration * Stress relief * Some smokers truly enjoy the taste There are issues with most of these perceived advantages. If a smoker attempts to change peer groups, they could find smoking to be a barrier to acceptance. The performance enhancement is minimal after the first few cigarettes a smoker has in their lifetime; from that point on, it is just a perception of enhancement based on the memory of those initial cigarettes. Weight loss and stress relief could be as effectively obtained by other, healthier means. Therefore the only valid advantage is if a smoker really enjoys the taste, but one has to wonder if they don’t enjoy the taste of the cigarette merely because they cannot taste anything else. The disadvantages to smoking are far more numerous, and much harder to argue against, a sampling of them include: * Death from disease caused by smoking * Diseases (even if they don’t cause death) * Lung Cancer * Throat Cancer * Mouth Cancer * Many other types of cancer have also been linked to tobacco use * Emphysema * COPD * Asthma * Decreased lung function * Advanced signs of aging * Cost of cigarettes, applicable taxes and paraphernalia such as lighters * Decreased acceptance by non-smoking peers * The lingering odor of smoke on body and clothing * Lowered ability to exercise due to inability to breathe * Cost of stop-smoking aids when the decision to quit is made It is clear that the disadvantages of smoking far outweigh any perceived advantages. While there is a cost associated with quitting, over time the damage smoking had done to the body can reverse itself if a person ceases tobacco use. This puts that cost into perspective, especially when compared to the thousands of dollars spent every year on smoking. With all the disadvantages to continued smoking and no real advantages to it, isn’t it time you saved your health and your money by putting in the effort to become tobacco-free? How To Quit Smoking†¦And Quit For Keeps U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service National Institutes of HealthINTRODUCTIONThis guides you from thinking about stopping through actually doing it – from the day you quit to quitting for keeps. It gives tips on fighting temptation – and what to do if you give in – and on avoiding weight gain (a handy Snack Calorie Chart is included). By telling you what to expect, it can help you through the day-to-day process of becoming and remaining a nonsmoker.Here you’ll find a variety of tips and helpful hints on kicking your smoking habit. Take a few moments to look at each suggestion carefully. Pick those you feel comfortable with, and decide today that you’re going to use them to quit. It may take a while to find the combination that’s right for you, but you can quit for good, even if you’ve tried to quit before.Many smokers have successfully given up cigarettes by replacing them with new habits, without quittin g â€Å"cold turkey,† planning a special program, or seeking professional help. The following approaches include many of those most popular with ex-smokers. Remember that successful methods are as different as the people who use them. What may seem silly to others may be just what you need to quit – so don’t be embarrassed to try something new. These methods can make your own personal efforts a little easier.Pick the ideas that make sense to you. And then follow through – you’ll have a much better chance of success. PREPARING YOURSELF FOR  QUITTING†¦ * Decide positively that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be. * List all the reasons you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times. * Develop strong personal reasons in addition to your health and obligations to others. For example, think of all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting for a light, etc. * Begin to condition yourself physically: Start a modest exercise program; drink more fluids; get plenty of rest; and avoid fatigue. * Set a target date for quitting – perhaps a special day such as your birthday, your anniversary, or the Great American Smokeout. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation so that you’re already committed to quitting when you return. Make the date sacred, and don’t let anything change it. This will make it easy for you to keep track of the day you became a nonsmoker and to celebrate that date every year.| | | KNOWING WHAT TO EXPECT†¦ * Have realistic expectations – quitting isn’t easy, but it’s not impossible either. More than 3 million Americans quit every year. * Understand that withdrawal symptoms are TEMPORARY. They usually last only 1-2 weeks. * Know that most relapses occur in the first week after quitting, when withdrawal symptoms are strongest and your body is still dependent on nicotine. Be aware that this will be your hardest time, and use all your personal resources – willpower, family, friends, and the tips in this booklet – to get you through this critical period successfully. * Know that most other relapses occur in the first 3 mo nths after quitting, with situational triggers – such as a particularly stressful event – occur unexpectedly. These are the times when people reach for cigarettes automatically, because they associate smoking with relaxing. This is the kind of situation that’s hard to prepare yourself for until it happens, so it’s especially important to recognize it if it does happen. Remember that smoking is a habit, but a habit you can break. * Realize that most successful ex-smokers quit for good only after several attempts. You may be one of those who can quit your first try. But if you’re not, DON’T GIVE UP. Try again.INVOLVING SOMEONE ELSE†¦ * Bet a friend you can quit on your target date. Put your cigarette money aside for every day, and forfeit it if you smoke. (But if you do smoke, DON’T GIVE UP. Simply strengthen your resolve and try again.) * Ask your spouse or a friend to quit with you. * Tell your family and friends that you’re quitting and when. They can be an important source of support, both before and after you quit. * Alta Mira Recovery offers an inpatient nicotine cessation program designed for long-term, chronic smokers.WAYS OF QUITTING†¦Switch brands * Switch to a brand you find distasteful. * Change to a brand that’s low in tar and nicotine a couple of weeks before your target date. This will help change your smoking behavior. However, DO NOT smoke more cigarettes, inhale them more often or more deeply, or place your fingertips over the holes in the filters. All of these will increase your nicotine intake, and the idea is to get your body used to functioning without nicotine.Cut down the number of cigarettes you smoke * Smoke only half of each cigarette. * Each day, postpone lighting your first cigarette 1 hour. * Decide you’ll smoke only during odd or even hours of the day. * Decide beforehand how many cigarettes you’ll sm oke during the day. For each additional cigarette, give a dollar to your favorite charity. * Change your eating habits to help you cut down. For example, drink milk, which many people consider incompatible with smoking. End meals or snacks with something that won’t lead to a cigarette. * Reach for a glass of juice instead of a cigarette for a â€Å"pick-me-up.† * Remember: Cutting down can help you quit, but it’s not a substitute for quitting. If you’re down to about seven cigarettes a day, it’s time to set your target date and get ready to stick to it.Don’t Smoke â€Å"Automatically† * Smoke only those cigarettes you really want. Catch yourself before you light up a cigarette out of pure habit. * Don’t empty your ashtrays. This will remind you of how many cigarettes you’ve smoked each day, and the sight and smell of stale butts will be very unpleasant. * Make yourself aware of each cigarette by using the opposite hand or putting cigarettes in an unfamiliar location or a different pocket to break the automatic reach. * If you light up many times during the day without even thinking about it, try to look in a mirror each time you put a match to your cigarette – you may decide you don’t need it.Make smoking inconvenient * Stop buying cigarettes by the carton. Wait until one pack is empty before you buy another. * Stop carrying cigarettes with you at home and at work. Make them difficult to get to.Make smoking unpleasant * Smoke only under circumstances that aren’t especially pleasurable for you. If you like to smoke with others, smoke alone. Turn your chair toward an empty corner and  focus only on the cigarette you are smoking and its many negative effects. * Collect all you cigarette butts in one large glass container as a visual reminder of the filth smoking represents.JUST BEFORE QUITTING†¦ * Practice going without cigarettes. * Don’t think of NEVER smoking again. Think of quitting in terms of 1 day at a time. * Tell yourself you won’t smoke today, and then don’t. * Clean your clothes to rid them of the cigarette smell, which can linger a long time.ON THE DAY YOU QUIT†¦ * Throw away all your cigarettes and matches. Hide your lighters and ashtrays. * Visit the dentist and have your teeth cleaned to get rid of tobacco stains. Notice how nice they look, and resolve to keep them that way. * Make a list of things you’d like to buy for yourself or someone else. Estimate the cost in terms of packs of cigarettes, and put the money aside to buy these presents. * Keep very busy on the big day. Go to the movies, exercise, take long walks, go bike riding. * Remind your family and friends that this is your quit date, and ask them to help you over the rough spots of the first couple of days and weeks. * Buy yourself a treat or do something special to celebrate.IMMEDIATELY AFTER QUITTING†¦ * Develop a clean, fresh, nonsmoking environment around yourself – at work and at home. Buy yourself flowers – you may be surprised how much you can enjoy their scent now. * The first few days after you quit smoking, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking isn’t allowed, such as libraries, museums, theaters, department stores, and churches. * Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice (but avoid sodas that contain caffeine). * Try to avoid alcohol, coffee, and other beverages that you associate with cigarette smoking. * Strike up a conversation instead of a match for a cigarette. * If you miss the sensation of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else – a pencil, a paper clip, a marble. * If you miss having something in your mouth, try toothpicks or a fake cigarette.Avoid temptation * Instead of smoking after meals, get up from the table and brush your teeth or go for a walk. * If you always smoke while driving, listen to a particularly interesting radio program or your favorite music, or take public transportation for a while, if you can. * For the first 1-3 weeks, avoid situations you strongly as sociate with the pleasurable aspects of smoking, such as watching your favorite TV program, sitting in your favorite chair, or having a cocktail before dinner. *  Until you’re confident of your ability to stay off cigarettes, limit your socializing to healthful, outdoor activities or situations where smoking isn’t allowed. * If you must be in a situation where you’ll be tempted to smoke (such as a cocktail or dinner party), try to associate with the nonsmokers there. * Try to analyze cigarette ads to understand how they attempt to â€Å"sell† you on individual brands.Find new habits * Change your habits to make smoking difficult, impossible, or unnecessary. For example, it’s hard to smoke when you’re swimming, jogging, or playing tennis or handball. When your desire for a cigarette is intense, wash your hands or the dishes, or try new recipes. * Do things that require you to use your hands. Try crossword puzzles, needlework, gardening, or household chores. Go bike riding; take the dog for a walk; give yourself a manicure; write letters. * Enjoy having a clean-mouth taste and maintain it by brushin g your teeth frequently and using a mouthwash. * Stretch a lot. * Get plenty of rest. * Pay attention to your appearance. Look and feel sharp. * Try to find time for the activities that are the most meaningful, satisfying, and important to you.When you get the crazies * Keep oral substitutes handy – try carrots, pickles, sunflower seeds, apples, celery, raisins, or sugarless gum instead of a cigarette. * Take 10 deep breaths and hold the last one while lighting a match. Exhale slowly and blow out the match. Pretend it’s a cigarette and crush it out in an ashtray. * Take a shower or bath if possible. * Learn to relax quickly and deeply. Make yourself limp, visualize a soothing, pleasing situation, and get away from it all for a moment. Concentrate on that peaceful image and nothing else. * Light incense or a candle instead of a cigarette. * Never allow yourself to think that â€Å"one won’t hurt† – it will.About gaining weightMany people who’re considering quitting are very concerned about gaining weight. If you’re concerned about gaining weight, keep these points in mind: * Q uitting doesn’t mean you’ll automatically gain weight. When people gain, most of the time it’s because they eat more once they’ve quit. * The benefits of giving up cigarettes far outweigh the drawbacks of adding a few extra pounds. You’d have to gain a very large amount of weight to offset the many substantial health benefits that a normal smoker gains by quitting. Watch what you eat, and if you’re concerned about gaining weight, consider the following tips:Tips to help you avoid weight gain†¦ * Make sure you  have a well-balanced diet, with the proper amounts of protein, carbohydrates, and fat. * Don’t set a target date for a holiday, when the temptation of high-calorie food and drinks may be too hard to resist. * Drink a glass of water before your meals. * Weigh yourself weekly. * Chew sugarless gum when you want sweet foods. * Plan menus carefully, and count calories. Don’t try to lose weight – just try to maintain your prequitting weight. * Have low-calorie foods on hand for nibbling. Use the Snack Calorie Chart to choose foods that are both nutritious and low in calories . Some good choices are fresh fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable juices, low-fat cottage cheese, and air-popped popcorn without butter. * Take time for daily exercise, or join an organized exercise group.| 5 Simple Methods to Treat Smoking Addiction By Waqar Akhtar Smoking addiction popularly refers to the formation of an uncontrollable urge to smoke nicotine-induced tobacco cigarettes. This usually causes smokers of all ages to become dependent on cigarettes down to the point where kicking the habit causes severe mental, emotional, and even physical reactions. Various studies have presented statistical research that claims 2 out of 5 smokers may have higher percentages of dying at an early age due to their smoking addiction or by other causes related to smoking such as heart disease and cancer. Only a small percentage of those who have tried to quit smoking have succeeded to kick the habit. Based on various studies, 2 out of 30 smokers may stop smoking in an indefinite or permanent amount of time as opposed to the others who may stop the habit of smoking nicotine-induced cigarettes in intermittent periods of a day to a month or more. Here are some tips for those who want to quit smoking: 1. Motivation is key – this means that you should always be highly motivated to resolve your addiction on your own. You should make it a point to feel the urge to quit smoking more than the urge to smoke a few cigarettes a day until you attain your intentions of totally eradicating the addiction from your system. Gradually reducing your cigarette consumption may just lead to binges here and there, so you should set a schedule wherein you intend to completely stop smoking and stick with it at all times. 2. Support helps – this means that you should seek a support group amongst your family and friends. They will often  at times be very accommodating of your needs when it comes to your purpose of kicking your smoking addiction. They may avoid smoking whenever you’re with them since this would help reduce your cravings for cigarettes. This would also inform them about your intentions that would lead them to understand the changes in your personality since it has been known that withdrawals from nicotine-induced cigarettes often lead to irritability and depression among other emotional and mental symptoms. 3. Medical assistance is an option – this means that you should consider consulting with your physician when it comes to quitting. This is because smoking addiction is now treated as a medical condition just like other addictions to regulated substances such as heroin and cocaine. These medical specialists may offer you support in terms of prescribing drugs and dietary programs that best suit your intentions of kicking the smoking habit. 4. Calculate the cost of your addiction – this can help some smokers to get rid of their smoking addiction once and for all, but it may not work for others. You need to think about the money you spend for financing your deadly habit, and the various things you could gain by channeling your ‘cigarette money’ to your family’s needs. You need to set up some sort of financial plan to best support your intentions of getting rid of your smoking addiction since this would add to the advantages you could gain once you successfully kick the habit out of your system. 5. Consider the health of others – this is especially effective for smokers who live with their family and children. As passive smoking is more of a risk to children and adults alike than smoking itself, you should think about the people you endanger along with yourself whenever you smoke a cigarette at home or wherever you are with them.

A visit to a bird sanctuary Essay

People often go to visit places of their interest like zoo , hill-stations, sea-shores etc. but our teacher one day made a plan to visit a Bird Sanctuary . It sounded quite thrilling to us because it was a very unusual type of visit . Of late I have been participating in the different nature related activities , quizzes, nature trails, poster competitions , walks , programmes etc. so I got selected for the visit . I was overjoyed and felt on top of the world as it was going to be a completely different experience for us . On 5th November ,2012 at 7 am we were to meet at the school premises from where it was over to our teacher . About after forty minutes drive we were at the â€Å"CHINTAMANI KAR BIRD SANCTUARY† in Narendrapur , Kolkata .It Is one of the most oldest Bird sanctuaries in Kolkata and situated away from the hustle and bustle of the city . As we entered the sanctuary the pristine greenery of the place made us speechless because in cities only we can see the highrise s,malls,multiplexes and lots of vehicles running everywhere . The huge trees , the dense foliage and the silence thrilled us all. We were filled with inquisitiveness and the strong desire to explore . Slowly we were escorted into the sanctuary and then it was never before . Beautiful trees , creepers , canopies, different variety of Butterflies , Moths, Birds ,Squirrels and other beauties of nature greeted us . As we headed inside , we got the glimpses of a Black Drongo , some Red – Vented Bulbuls , a Black –Headed Oreol ,Purple Heron , Common Sparrows , Cormorants etc. Our teacher spotted the common Kingfisher targeting his breakfast delights . The interior of the sanctuary resembled dense forest . After exploring the sanctuary we realised how beautiful nature is and what I had been missing .There was also a small lake which was centrally located . There in the lake were Lesser Whistling Ducks , Pochards and other aquatic birds. Soon it was time to return . We came back to school with the fond memories of the visit . The visit to the sanctuary was not only a new experience for us but also very enriching . Some experiences are like waves which come and pass by but some leave an indelible mark on our minds and my experience of the visit is one of them. I would like to thank our school for providing us such good opportunities and hope to have some more like this in near future.

Importance of society based on evidence from the media Essay

The media plays a very important part in the modern world. Media is any form or channel of communication that reaches out to large numbers of people. For instance, television, radio, newspapers, magazines and journals which circulate news and entertainment. Recent developments in technology have given rise to more sophisticated forms of media. In a growing society consisting of all age groups and people with different needs and interests, each mode of news would be received according to the individual receiving and understanding capacity. The attitudes and interests of an individual influence what he or she is willing to hear. Society is an entity that embodies a lot of aspects. Every human being has the need to belong to a certain society. No one can live alone and it is the nature of human beings to stay together. No one is an island and the sense of belonging is derived from being part of a society. Each society has its own values and these are respected by the society members. Communication is valued by the members of society because that is the way messages are passed from one person to the other. Given the current state where the world has become a global village, the need to receive and send information has become inevitable. Education and obtaining of new ideas is also seen as integral to the growth of any organization. This is where media comes in . Television offers information in many fields for example news, entertainment and advertising. It gives news on various occurrences and channels like Cartoon Network, Disney Channel, National Geographic, Discovery channel deliver entertainment to children and adults alike and develop learning skills for children. Television in this fast pace technology times is an effective mode of communication for multinational companies to big advertisements in order to increase sales and it is evident that people get motivated by new products. For instance a new flavor of tomato sauce, a new laptop of Acer, or a new Hollywood movie entertainment. Catching a clip of advertisement juggles the memory and motivates consumers to purchase. Radios, magazines and journals also play a huge role in advertising. Especially newspapers because they are more widely spread. Television media is a source of â€Å"All in one† which means, advertisement, entertainment, education and news are available with cable connection or dish antennae. Television is looked upon as a home entertainment box which is why television companies such as Panasonic, LG, Samsung are releasing televisions with wider and flat screens and almost every middle class home has a television to have access to entertainment and news. On one hand, television regulates business stocks, nation index and sensex, product advertisements, sales promotion, education and entertainment for children, access to global news for public and on the other hand, it is difficult to control TV channels that are transmitted. This aspect of media has a negative impact because this means that even little children can have access to unsuitable channels that show programs which are way above their level of mind. For example soap operas that promote infidelity or have explicit content certainly causes harm to young minds. Some programs also show violence and hostility which might poison young minds. In this way the media downplays the society’s attempts to uphold good morals. These negative challenges can only be prevented through certain guidelines and rules of Television and Media regulations which have to be promulgated regionally in every state keeping the view of younger generation. Apart from the above, an awareness about positive and negative impact of television must be brought before civil society, as to what messages should be accepted and messages that are to be unaccepted must be made clear. For instance, emotionally disturbing family serials or violent destructive play shows leave a deep impact on people, whose mindset would begin to change and might lead to another line of negative thinking. A healthy and upright message should be transmitted, which is seldom found in present times. It is the absolute responsibility of parents to guard children from watching any morally deviating channels or programs or better yet the TV stations should issue parental advisories before the beginning of every program. Apart from the television there are other mass media forms that can transmit negative literature. For example magazines and journals that are substandard and publish lies. This can cause uprisings in the society and disrupt the otherwise peaceful environment. Journalists should take great care to write and publish the truth only. The media has a key role in every society and if this position is misused it can work in against the society. The media should always try to work in such a way that they can uphold peace in the society and complement the society’s efforts to maintain peace and morals. According to (Perse 78), media affects how children can be more accepting of violence and anti-social behavior. It can also cultivate social attitudes and stereotypes. Thus media as an entity should be handled carefully. According to (New York Times 20) music is an integral part of the young people’s lives and the rapper Nas’ lyrics with his strong messages would definitely have an effect on the young people. Though media can also help to impart helpful and good morals to a society. For instance there are programs on the radio and television that uphold peace and unity in the community. The newspapers and briefs also produce news items that serve to bring people together. The media sometimes organizes campaigns to spread awareness. For example Youth campaigns against drug abuse, campaigns to create awareness on HIV/AIDS and promote responsible behavior. In this way the media plays an important role in uplifting the morals of the society. This is because the media can generate interest and cause debates or discussions about most social problems. So it is evident that despite the adverse aspects of the media, society cannot survive without it. Society plays a large role in influencing the media because it chooses what to promote in the media. For instance the kind of entertainment provided by media stations are tailor-made and designed to meet the needs of a particular audience. People play a great part in determining what the media shows. â€Å"It is human agency that both maintains and alters social structures. † (Croteau 22). A survey carried out to determine how much people rely on the media for news and advertising information. 8 out of 10 people get their news daily. 2 out of 10 people have subscribed to a magazine or newspaper. 7 out of 10 read or watch advertisements. 8 out of 10 have been interested to buy something they saw in an advertisement. 8 out of 10 say that it is not best to use advertisement to choose a product. Most people get news from the TV 5 out of 10 read only the headlines when they get news on the internet. 50% do not trust the news they get. The above research shows that media does play an integral role in transmitting information to the members of a society. Though half the people do not believe the news they hear, we still have to acknowledge the role the media plays in creating commonness and unity within a society. The positive effect it has on society surpasses the negative attributes. Works Cited Crouteau, David and Haynes, William. Media Society. Industries, Images and Audiences. Thousand Oaks, California: Pine Forge Press. 2000 Fleming, Rockey A. New Rage Music: Do explicit Lyrics Corrupt Moral Values of Children. New York Times 12 January 2003. Perse, Elizabeth M. Media Effects and Society. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2001.

The case study of Coca-Cola will be provided by file .pdf. Read

The of Coca-Cola will be provided by file .pdf. Read throught it and then answer 4 questions in there. After that, di - Case Study Example Moreover, by early 1985, Pepsi had managed to acquire 2% sales of the huge market that amounted to $960 million in retail sales. Therefore, this called for change of strategies by Coca-Cola and their option was to introduce a new product that offered the same feature like their competitors. In this case, they had to conduct a research in order to introduce new product to market. After the investigation, they identified that Pepsi was offering a product that had a sweeter taste and this contributed to a growth in the preference resulting to increased market share. Coca-Cola commenced a research project, whereby they spent two years and $4million prior to settling on a new formula. They conducted 200, 000 taste test on the final formula and a blind test, whose results were sixty percent of the consumers choosing the new formula over the old one. In fact, fifty-two percent of the customers choose it over Pepsi, and this was an indication that new coke would assist in dealing with the pr oblem of losing the market share to Pepsi. 2. ... Moreover, Coca-Cola should have focused on the conducting a marketing research considering these emotions. Furthermore, there was a poor judgment during interpretation of research planning strategies by the managers. The poor judgment occurred when they found sixty percent of consumers who preferred the new Coke taste and this led to an assumption that the new coke would be the solution to their problem. However, this did not view this assertion in the basis on the other 40% who were still royal the old Coke; thus, they ended up trampling with the tastes of the royal customers who were not willing to accommodate the change of the taste. Therefore, the company should have focus on introducing the new Coke as a brand expansion and leave the old Coke like what happened with Cherry Coke. Coca-Cola Company had an advanced marketing research operation and their strategies have made them to be at the top of the market. However, in this their market was not based on scientific theories that could have assisted in understanding the consumer behaviors. 3. Companies such as Coca-Cola often test new products in plain white paper cups with no brand names or other marketing information. What does this ‘blind’ testing really measure? Does applying these results to the ‘real’ world raise any issues? Bind testing is aimed at measuring the actual response of the customers to a certain feature of the product without the influence of the brand name or other marketing information. Therefore, the consumer is expected to review the product without the ideas of the manufactures in their minds and these reviews are applied in rating the new product that is yet to be introduced into the market. For instance, Coca-Cola was seeking to settle the new

Annotated Bibliography Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Annotated Bibliography - Research Paper Example The author is emphasizing on heritage and African traditions and that Dee and Maggie should follow the traditions that they were raised with. "Everyday Use" is a true representation of motherhood anxiety in the instance where the mother favors Maggie for being loyal and willing to extend the family generation to her children as compared to Dee who sees no sense in traditions. According to Tuhen, there is a representation of maternal fear that Dee will not be like the daughter that she always wanted her to be. For example, when the mother lacked money to take them to school, Maggie the younger daughter quit school, while Dee was not for the idea because she emphasized that her education was more important. â€Å"She used to read to us without pity†¦.She washed us in a river of make believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t necessarily need to know† (Walker 26). There is motherhood fear where Dee being the eldest, she is expected to take the quilts but since the mother does not believe in her, she gives the quilts to Maggie. This according to the mother is a confirmation that Maggie is more worthy of having the quilts as compared to Dee. Again, this is a symbolic measure that the mother became anxious and empowered Maggie while she was still young. Amanda became troubled as she became the father and mother to her family. She becomes disappointed when she misses a job that she wanted and goes home only to quarrel Laura for not staying in the house because she went out. Amanda also keeps quarrelling with Tom because of table manners, going to the movies too much and smoking. Motherhood anxiety is portrayed where Amanda wants Tom to be whom she wants him to be and not who he wants to become. She wants Tom to be more responsible and at times she treats Tom and Laura like little children by telling them what to do and when to do it. Fear is portrayed when Tom is smoking

Effects of Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Effects of Media - Essay Example Thus, media is, for better or for worse, charged with nearly sole responsibility for forming people’s ideas of themselves, their relationships with others, and their views of society at large. The other side of the debate claims that mass media has no such effect, at least not in any way that can be conclusively proven. Scientists on each side of the debate claim that the opposing side has flaws in one aspect or another of their research. Such flaws include errors in methodology, misinterpretation of data, clear biases in research, and lack of comprehensive understanding of the media being studied (Gauntlett, 1998). The argument that contends mass media produces profoundly negative effects on those who absorb it is an aggressive one. This often comes across as foolhardy given the lack of empirical data to support the argument itself. Some individuals choose to malign media, television in particular, as being at worst an intentional design to instigate violence in viewers or at best a reckless lack of care regarding the incompetent nature of most viewers. The â€Å"at best† aspect of the argument particularly targets children. At this point, the argument against mass media implies the belief that children are incapable of intelligently and objectively viewing various forms of media, and are given to acting something out that they have seen. This is, of course, a veritable â€Å"Monkey see; Monkey do† interpretation of children’s abilities. In Gauntlett’s words, with regards to psychology and psychology studies, â€Å"children are often considered not so much in terms of what they can do, as what they (apparently) cannot† (1998). Such views are not necessarily appropriate, much less accurate. Chief amongst the complaints of researchers who have yet to accept any effects of mass media is, as was published in the Guardian, â€Å"as far as I can see there has been no

ACE Network Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

ACE Network Design - Essay Example Secondly, the extensive use of e-commerce by corporations in their business operations has instigated a heightened requirement for connectivity of businesses with rest of the world through internet. Local area networks have to be hooked with internet while ensuring maximum security. Emphasizing the interaction of Local Area Networks with internet, Comer (2006, p.3) states, â€Å"From a user’s point view, the internet appears to consist of a set of application programs that use the underlying network to carry out useful communication tasks.† The increased dependence of organizational operations on computer networks has prompted detailed planning and management of network designs. Szczuka, Daniel and Dominik (p. 269) observes, â€Å"There has been an explosive growth in internet systems since the 1990s. Network design problems are one of the important issues in the building and expansion of computer networks and have attracted many related researchers’ attention.à ¢â‚¬  Advance Concepts Engineering (ACE) is a medium sized enterprise that deals with development and commercialization of products. Adoption and application of state-of-the-art technologies is a core business value at ACE. Although, presently ACE is operating is small setup but in the enterprise is in the phase of switching its business to a more specious building in an industrial park. This has generated a reasonably serious challenge of designing and implementing a network infrastructure that can meet the business requirement while keeping the core value of technological advancement intact. The network design and implementation is a challenging task in multistory building with a dozen of other design limitations. These limitations have given birth to a range from logical to physical issues in network implementation. These issues include the issues of network scalability, convergence, security, high availability, stability and network traffic management. ACE would require careful ly designed network architecture to achieve these corporate objectives. This report will present a detailed network infrastructure design to accommodate all business and technological needs of the network. The report will present also present a diagrammatic overview of the topological layout of network infrastructure devices. Moreover, to streamline the process of network design and management a number of requirements will be formulated and finalized. These requirements may include the number and type of components like user machines, switches, routers and servers, network availability details, addressing scheme, media to be used in the network and mechanisms to eradicate network and mechanical noise. Network Media The selection of network media is an important decision in network design and management. The decision of media can directly affect the network speed, sustainability and maintenance. The selection of media is topology dependent. Topology is the physical layout of network devices, (Ciccarelli & Faulkne, 2004, p.88) and the decision once made on topology and network media is seldom changed or it might be very expensive to change this decision at a later stage to cater network management or optimization issues. The selection of media for a network environment also depends on the user speed requirements, available resources and future network expansion plans. The ACE network will use a mix of unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and fiber optic cables. Drop cables or patch cables that run from wall fixed faceplates to computers, printers, scanners, IP Phones and other user end devices will use CAT6 UTP cables, CAT6 UTP standard support the gigabit speed for network traffic. Faceplates will further connect these devices to switches placed in a separate switch rooms.

Three year strategic digital marketing plan Essay

Three year strategic digital marketing plan - Essay Example g the fact that Gap 360 is a relatively new company in this market, the success achieved by the company in its first and second year of trading is noteworthy. Having enjoyed a successful stint over the past two years, the company should aim to achieve a higher ground that provides robust foundation to become an undisputed leader in the market. In order to be able to reach the pinnacle in this market, Gap 360 must aim to attain a higher customer satisfaction index. This is precisely because a widening base of satisfied customers will serve as a sustainable source of profit for the independent travel service provider. However, the objective of higher customer satisfaction level can only be achieved if the company is able to increase its base of potential passengers which in actuality is the second objective that is specific to the requirement of the company. The objectives are very closely associated to each as one can only be attained if the other is accomplished. The fact can be evid enced with the third objective of the company which is to widen its products and service offerings (in terms of increasing number of destinations and types of trips) within five years of its launch. By doing so the company endeavours to attract greater number of passengers which in turn will provide them with the opportunity to offer superior quality services and hence, increase their customer base to a further level. Measureable: Gap 360 has to focus on increasing the amount of bookings done every year. In addition to that, they will also have to implement appropriate strategies in order to attain growth in the level of repeat sales per annum. As far as measurability of this objective is concerned, a target of 11,000 booking has been set which is to be achieved by 2016. On the other hand, a measurable target of 10% of the total bookings has been placed for repeat sales. Attainable: Given the size of the market in UK, the target that has been set in the section above is attainable.

The problem of evil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The problem of evil - Essay Example A number of intellectual opinions have explained impossibility of existence of both God and His powers, and evil and its associated powers and suffering. Two sets of elements, three about God’s power and one about evil illustrates mutual exclusivity between the power of God over evil and the persistent existence of evil to develop the controversy. God is, for example, believed to be super powerful, present at all places and at all times and knows everything that happens on earth and in heaven. This means that evil occurs in God’s presence, against his powers, and with His knowledge. Consequently, existence of evil casts doubts on the three properties of God (Beebe 1). Similarly, if God has knowledge about existence of evil and the suffering that evil causes, He knows how to control evil power and has the capacity to control, and then existence evil would mean that God is not as good as He is expected to be. Also, if God wanted to control evil but does not, then it would mean that His power is not as sovereign as it is thought to be. Alternatively, if God has the power to control evil and wishes to, but has not, then it would mean that He is not aware of the existence of evil. These therefore mean that the presence of evil implies absence of at least one of the properties of God (Beebe 1). McCallum also explores the problem of evil through existence of evil in the presence of God’s power. The author explains that if God loves and has supreme power, according to a believer’s faith, then He should be able to terminate evil and its consequences. Existence of evil therefore puts a believer in a dilemma over the properties of God. From a biblical perspective, the author argues that if God is the creator of all that exist then He created evil because evil also exist. Similarly, belief that God is good and powerful would result in Him destroying evil. As a result, continued existence of evil discredits God’s properties as held among b elievers (McCallum 1). While approaches to explain the problem of evil are intellectual and seems to initiate doubt among believers regarding existence of God and His characteristics, a biblical approach to the problem offers a solution that provides for existence of God, His defined characteristics and existence of evil. This refutes the mutual exclusivity property of God and evil that intellectual approach explains. Suffering that is viewed as a manifestation of evil has its roots in the Bible because of sin and is bound to last forever. While it is normal that men appreciate a good deed’s result into benefits and happiness, people should also accept the fact that pain and suffering are consequences of man’s fall and should be expected to last. A controversy should not therefore arise over God’s ability and existence of evil and pain because these are consequences of man’s action during the initial fall (Keyes 5-6). A solution to the problem of evil is also derived from the fact that evil is not a creature but a bad choice or consequence of a bad choice. Evil does not also emanate from God but from man and his actions. The problem of evil can therefore be resolved by a practical step of transformation from doing badly, to

Tort law assignment Essay Example for Free

Tort law assignment Essay Advise John as to claims that he may have against Brian in tort. For John to make a claim against Brian in tort the following three elements must be proved: whether Brian owes a duty of care to John, if that duty was breached and if the breach caused the damage. Liability for negligent misstatements causing pure economic loss have the usual requirements of duty, breach and damages but special treatment is necessary as people are less careful in what they say than in what they do on social and informal occasions. Lord Pierce in Hedley Byrne stated: â€Å"word are more volatile than deeds, they travel faster and are used without being expended† To establish the difference between ‘pure economic loss’ and economic loss which is consequent upon physical damage to property. This was defined in Spartan Steel v Martin 1973, where the loss was foreseeable but Lord Denning held a line must be drawn, and that the loss was better borne by the insures than by the defendants alone. The Misrepresentation Act 1967 states where there is a fiduciary relationship (a person to whom property or power is entrusted for the benefit of another) for example between a solicitor and a client liability arises here in contract and tort. There is no need to prove a duty of care exists. Brian who is a part qualified accountant advised John about the shares, but there was no contract involved so he wouldn’t be liable under contract and tort. Brian advised John to buy shares from Brighwater Ltd. so it was something Brian said to John and not did. Therefore, the area of deceit must be looked at. Deceit occurs when a person knowing or recklessly makes a false representation to the claimant. The leading case Derry v Peek 1888 outlined that no duty would be required in relationship to negligent misrepresentations. Therefore this case can’t be applied to Brian and John’s scenarios as action was only available for fraudulent misrepresentations. This was then overruled in Hedley Byrne v Heller 1964 where the possibility of claims for negligent misstatement was opened up. That a duty of care would arise in appropriate circumstances to give careful advice and that failure to do so would result in liability for economic loss. The House of Lords laid down strict guidelines for when this could apply: If there was a special relationship between the two partes, based on the defendants skill and judgement and the reliance placed upon it. The defendant (advisor) must posses a special skill relating to the type of advice given and must have realise that the claimant (advisee) would rely on that skill. The claimant receiving the advice must have acted in reliance on it as longs as it was reasonable to rely on the advice. To establish whether there was a special relationship between Brian and John the meaning of a special relationship must be looked at. In Chaudry V Prabhaker 1988 it showed that a purely social relationship can give rise to a duty of care, when carefully considered advice was being sought from a party with some expertise. Brian share a social relationship with John as they are friends, but this gave rise to Brian’s duty of care. As carefully considered advice was being sought from John who knew Brian would have some expertise about shares as a he was a part qualified accountant. It was in Yianni v Edwin Evans 1982 which established the existence of a special and that even if there is no contractual relationship between a building society surveyor and the house purchaser that a special relationship could exist. Brian and John did not sign a contract but a special relationship can still be established. Therefore under Hedley Byrne the first guidline has been established to prove there is a duty of care as there is a special relationship between Brian and John, It must be proved that Brian the advisor possessed a special skill relating to the type of advice he gave and must have realise that the John (advisee) would rely on that skill. In Mutual Life and Citizens Assurance v Evatt 1971 it was held that there would only be a duty of care if the party giving advice held himself out as being in the business of giving the advice in question. So, Brian owes John a duty of care as he is a part qualified accountant and he gave out advice about buying Brightwater shares, which is advice relating to the business of accountancy. The second guideline under Hedley Byrne has been established and Brian owes John a duty of care as he possessed a special skill relating to the advice he gave. John must prove that in receiving the advice he acted in reliance on it. As in Smith v Eric S Bush where it was held that if there is foreseeable reliance on advice that has been given that a duty of care is owed. John relied on Brian’s advice and considered it reasonable, as he invested all his shares in the company which shows there was foreseeable reliance. Therefore Brian owes John a duty of care and under Hedley Byrne the last guidline has been proven. However, there has been limitations on these three guidelines as in Caparo V Dickman 1990. The main principle being that the reliance is reasonably foreseeable to the defendant. For a duty of care to exist under Caparo the following must be established: whether the consequences were reasonably foreseeable, if there is a relationship of proximity between the parties, and if it’s fair just and reasonable to impose a duty. For the first part of establishing a duty of care it must be proved that the defendant’s act were reasonably foreseeable. In Kent v Griffiths 2000 it was reasonably foreseeable that the claimant would suffer harm from the failure of the ambulance to arrive. In Bourhill v Young 1943 the motorcyclist did not owe a duty of care as it was not reasonably foreseen that the claimant would be affected by his negligent driving. Brian owes John a duty of care as it is reasonably foreseeable that there is risk involved if Brian advises John to buy shares in Brightwater Ltd. Is there a relationship of proximity between the two parties? This can be through a legal relationship or physical closeness. In Osman v Ferguson 1993 there was a sufficient close relationship between the parties compared to Hill v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire 1998 where the relationship between the police and the victim was not sufficiently close. There is a relationship between Brian and John of friends, so there is a sufficiently close relationship between them. Is it fair just and reasonable to impose a duty of care? It was not held fair just and reasonable to impose a duty of care on the police as there was not a relationship of proximity in Hill v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire. In Capital v Hampshire County Council 1997 it was held fair to impose a duty on the fire brigade. So, it would be fair just and reasonable to impose a duty of care on Brian as he is a part qualified accountant who advised John to buy the shares, so he owed John a duty of care to give careful advice. Therefore Brian satisfies all three stages of the Caparo test and it would be held by the courts that he did owe John a duty of care. Guidance on the factors to be taken into account in establishing a duty of care have been provided by the Court of Appeal in James McNaughten v Hicks Anderson 1991: The purpose for which the statement was made The purpose for which it was communicated The relationship between the person giving the advice, the person receiving the advice and any relevant third parties The size of any class that the person receiving the advice belonged to. The degree of knowledge of the person giving the advice. Reliance by the advisee. In taking these factors into account, Brian’s purpose for which he made the statement ‘trust me, buy their shares you will be on a winner’ was so that John would buy the shares. The purpose Brian communicated the advice for was for John to take action and invest in Brightwater Ltd. The relationship between Brian and John is that they are friends and John was relying on Brian to give him guidance about buying shares. To consider Brian’s knowledge at the time he made the statement was that he had professional knowledge of an accountant, because even if he was only part qualified he would be judged against the standard of a fully qualified accountant. John relied on Brian’s advice, as he was his friend and because he thought Brian was giving him reasonable advice, which he took and then invested shares in the company. Under James Macnaughton all 6 factors have been proven and Brian would owe John a duty of care. Now that it has been proved that Brian owes John a duty of care it must be proved that he breached the duty. For a breach of duty to be proved the following must be taken into consideration: the degree of risk, standard of care and proof of breach. The degree of risk must be high as in Hayley v London Electricity Board where there was a known risk. Brian advised John to buy the shares and there was a high risk that John could lose his money as buying shares is a risky business. So it has been proved that there was a high risk John would lose his money. The standard of care was established in Blyth v Birmingham Waterworks 1856 which introduced a reasonable man test that if the defendant falls against the standard of care a reasonable man would take there is a breach of duty. Brian fell against the standard of care a reasonable man would take as he advised John to buy the shares to be ‘on a winner’ which Brian could not have been certain about so he breached his duty. Specific rule apply to specific people so considerations will be made for different types of people. Mullin v Richards 1998 showed children can be held for negligence. Nettleship v Weston 1971 showed learners would be judged against the standard of a reasonable competent driver. The standard of care expected was that of a similarly qualified expert as in Bolam v Friern Hospital 1957. Therefore even though Brian was only a part qualified accountant, he still fell below the standard expected of a similarly qualified accountant, as he advise John wrongly about the shares and has breached his duty. Proof of breach ‘res ipsa loquitar’ fact speak for themselves rule. The claimant must show that the defendant was in control of the situation that caused the claimants injury and that it was cause by negligence. John can prove that Brian was the reason he lost all of his investment, because if it wasn’t for Brian advising him to buy the shares he wouldn’t have lost the money. Now that breach of duty has been proven, it must be proven that the damages suffered were caused by the breach of duty. This can be proved using the ‘but for’ rule as in Barnett v Chelsea and Kensington1969 where the claimant wouldn’t have suffered the damages ‘but for’ the defendants breach of duty. ‘John wouldn’t have lost out on his investment ‘but for’ Brian advising him to buy the shares. If the ‘but for’ is proven but the damages are too remote from the defendant breach of duty then there is no liability as in Wagon Mound 1961. However John lost all his investment as the company went into liquidation so the damage is not remote. Overall, it has been proven that Brian owes John a duty of care, that he breached the duty and that the damages suffered were caused by his breach so he would be liable! References: Turner C. and Hodge S. (2007) Unlocking Torts. Oxon: Book point Ltd Hogdson J. and Lewthwaite J. (2004) Tort Law. New York:Oxford Press Harpwood V. (2009) Modern Tort Law. Oxon: Routledge-Cavendish McBride N. and Bagshaw R. (2008) Tort Law. Essex: Pearson Education. Cooke J. (2009) Law of Tort. Essex: Pearson Education.

Importance of Culture Essay

Importance of Culture Essay Introduction: Culture is the characteristic of group of people defined by everything such as language, religion, lifestyle etc. Different people in different societies have different culture but they also have some similarities. The culture varies in different things such as clothes, foods, religion and many others. Culture is the identity of a group of people living in specific place; they have their own sketch of life what the culture says they follow that. We have seen that a lot of people do some specific thing they first thought about their culture, what my culture says on this occasion. Especially on the occasion of wedding, and some other celebrating days they follow strictly their culture. Those who do not follow their culture or do some changes in that, they havent give any values to them because they are not following their religion. Different people define culture in different ways, for example Culture: learned and shared human patterns or models for living; day- to-day living patterns, these patterns and models pervade all aspects of human social interaction. Culture is mankinds primary adaptive mechanism1. Another author says that Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another.2. from these definitions it is clear that both explains the same idea but in different words, says that culture is first learned after learning it is then shared so its a common fact that the younger first learn the culture from their elders and when these young become elders they transfer it to the next generation. But the culture learned it includes all the aspects of human interaction and thus it become the mankinds adoptive mechanism. In the second definition the author says that the culture is the programming of mind so it includes everything related with the mind programming and because of these different minds programming different group of people distinguish from each others. Characteristics: Culture has its own characteristics; we will discuss some of its characteristics here. Learnt Shared Social Continuous Adaptive Varies Learnt: As we discussed earlier that culture are learnt from their elders, culture is not the thing you study for it and you know it but it is just the process you pass from it, after that you will know about the culture. It is just like the thing that inherited in someone nature. All action the action we do like eating, dressing wearing ornaments etc is the result of culture we learned. One author says about learning culture Babies and children learn about their culture by watching their parents and close family. They copy behavior they have seen and adopt different roles3 and thats fact that babies and children learned culture by watching their parents and close family and then they apply these different roles in their Daily life and thus adapt their culture. Shared: Culture is something that is shared among groups of people. It is not the thing that someone posses it individually. Culture is always transferred through sharing so it mean that for transferring the culture the sharing is must. The sharing of culture refers to the term called enculturation according to author Process of learning culture is called enculturation4. Culture is shared in many ways; the main way for transferring the culture is the language. Language is the form of social communication and the knowledge is transferred through group discussion, public speaking and informal communication. The second way is the use of communication technologies nowadays like TV, DVD, internet etc play also important role in sharing the culture. These modern technologies have exposed every culture to the whole world. Social: Culture is social it is not the individual phenomena. it is the product of society and originates and grows through social interaction. Something is differentiable to us through comparison, so for distinguishes culture we have to compare it with some other then we will know about all aspects of that culture therefore the culture must be social and without it there is no concept of culture. One author says that culture can be thought of as the normative order, operating through operational and social influence, that guide and constrains the behavior of people in collectives5 .so from above statement it is clear that culture is the overall thought in a normative order, and these thoughts are pass through several operational and social influences, it means that their also occur some changes in culture but these changes are collectively and thus people of that culture adopt their behavior to the culture. Continuous: Culture is the continuous process, Culture is growing whole which includes in itself, the achievements of the past and present and makes provision for the future achievements of mankind. Culture is the result of past and present changes that occur in it, and thus it absorb that changes in itself and the culture become the result of past and present experiences and the process continue to next generation and so on. Hence some sociologists like Lotion called culture the social heritage of man6. Adaptive: Culture is always adaptive, even changes occur in culture but is very slow process and generally it is adaptive to all the people associated with that culture. when their occur some changes in the culture then at the same time people become use to with it and thus they feel nothing about their culture even people of other cultures will says anything about that culture but the people of that culture they are adapt with it. One author says about it that The biological modifications and adjustments are always flexible to adapt even in the harsh conditions of the environment7.it means that the changes occur in the culture is flexible, easy for everyone to follow. Varies: Culture always varies. All the elements of culture like dressing, ways of eating, speaking etc varies from society to society. In every culture there always changes occur in some interval of time, almost the changes speed is very slow but we never say that culture is not variable. Types of culture: There are several types of culture: Material culture Dressing Food Buildings Non-material culture Language Family Religion Education Material culture: Material culture includes all those things that people creates and gives meaning to it. Material culture include lot of things, some of them are given below: Dressing: Dressing is the important thing in culture. It identify the cultural society, for example when a stranger from other country come to Pakistan and he know little about here culture dressing so he will definitely identify the place. Every culture gives most importance to their culture. They did not appreciate those who are not wearing their own cultural dress. Gradually the dressing importance is also disappearing from the people. There a lot of people when they goes to the other cultural society, they adopt that and forget about their culture. According to my survey I have done some days ago a lot of people say that we are not giving so much importance to our culture. Nowadays the culture is changing so much fast because of this reason that the people not giving so much importance to their culture, especially dress. Food: According to the Colombia university press everything having to do with foodÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ its capture, cultivation, preparation, and consumptionÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ represents a cultural act8 so definitely food when reach to us first it pass from different stages like its cultivation, every culture has its own process of cultivation, capturing and preparation. This mean that food is also one of the important part of the material culture. Buildings: Building means construction. Building also plays important role in culture identity. Different cultures have different type of buildings. Some cultures have big houses while some have small. There are also some cultural people who dont construct houses also, all life they pass in different places. Usually the cultural people from rural areas have big houses while those living in the city have small houses. The reason may be in rural areas the population is so much low and the place available for the house is very cheap as compare to the city. May be of this reason this culture is raised in the rural areas. Non-material culture: Non-material culture consists of thoughts and behavior that people learn as part of the culture they live in. It includes language, rules, customs, family, religion or beliefs, values, and knowledge. We will discuss some of them; Language: Language is one of the most important forms of material culture, without language there is no concept of culture. Different cultures have different speaking of language. Even when the language is same between the two cultures but still there will be difference in speaking and one will easily difference between them. Sometime because of cultures a large number of cultures are treated as one culture, for example in Pakistan there is a lot of cultures but still to the out countries they treat as just like one culture and is known as Pakistani culture. Even subcontinent is also treated as one culture but this in a specific occasion for example Asia is the largest subcontinent but the countries outside the Asia also says the words like Asian culture and we says the European culture or African culture. Language is the root cause of culture. Humans learn their culture through language, the parents first learned language to the kids after that they gradually also learn their culture. Family: Family is one of the most important concept in the culture. Different cultures define family in different ways. Some says that those who have a blood relation with you is your family member, other says that only your wife and kids are included in your family. According to an author Anthropologists say a cultures biological and marital kinship rules and patterns of reciprocal obligations define family9, the definition varies of different cultures. The people from rural background define family in a large sense they include all of their relatives in the family and those from urban background define family in a little narrow sense as compared to the urban background people. Religion: Religion is the most important in cultural society. In most of the culture the religion is very respectful to all of the culture members and they also strictly obey their religion. And the most respectful religion among all the culture is Islam. Those cultures that have Islam as religion they apply the order of Islam in their daily life and mostly these people led a very happy life without much resources. According to my survey a lot of my audience says that they follow their religion strictly and says five time prayers which is the most important thing as considered to Islam, and those audiences whose religion was other than Islam they mostly says that we are not so much following our religion. Education: Education also play important role in building a cultural society. Education is the basic need of human. Without education humanity is not possible, therefore almost all the cultures gives importance to education and they possess only education for their success. But still there are also so cultures which do not gives focus to education. Some cultures give importance only to boys education and not to female. The number of these types of cultures is decreasing slowly. In general most cultures gives importance to education and they love the educated people of their culture. Importance of culture: Culture has great importance. Culture is the identity of the nation, without culture the society is impossible. An author says about the importance of culture that culture is the set of transmitted and learned behavior patterns, beliefs, institutions and all other products of human work and thought that characterize the functioning of particular population, profession, organization or community10, so the only representative of the particular community or population is the culture. Culture is the basic root of any community which gives them the ways of life. The culture provides solution to the critical problem that is faced to community. Culture teach us to think for the whole nation not individually, it provide the concept of family, nation etc. References Damen, L. (1987). Culture Learning: The Fifth Dimension on the Language Classroom. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Hofstede, G. (1984). National cultures and corporate cultures. In L.A. Samovar R.E. Porter (Eds.), Communication Between Cultures. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. http://open.jorum.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/123456789/13597/025/access/culture.html Understanding culture (DatoDr Sothi Rachagan) (Kotter and heskatt, 1992, reusseau, 1990) http://www.preservearticles.com/201107048767/1321-words-short-essay-on-the-culture.html http://savior.hubpages.com/hub/Characteristics-of-Culture food is culture (Massimo montanari nov. 2006) The Definition of Family in a Free Society (Gordon Neal Diem, D.A. 1997) hofstede G. culture and organization. New York: MC graw-hill; 1997

Merchant Of Venice - Plot Structure :: Free Merchant of Venice Essays

Show how the plot of ‘The Merchant of Venice’ is apparently fanciful but in reality exactingly structured. â€Å"The Merchant of Venice is a fairy tale. There is no more reality in Shylock’s bond and the Lord of Belmont’s will than in Jack and the Beanstalk.† H. Granville-Barker, in Prefaces to Shakespeare. This is one way of looking at the play, reading it or enjoying the performance. But it can be a contradiction to our actual feelings about this complex play. ‘The Merchant of Venice’ might appear to be a romantic tale without much logic but that would be a superficial interpretation. Portia’s father may have raised our concerns in taking away her freedom to choose her beloved; Shylock’s bond and those conditions may violate most legal codes; but the way the play moves takes one beyond these doubts and objections. In ‘The Merchant of Venice’ Shakespeare creates an interesting contrast between the mercantile and tumultuous city of Venice and the peaceful and gracious world of Belmont. The striking difference between these two settings helps to capture and maintain our attention. There are differences in the value of systems of the people belonging to the two different cities. The contrast between Venice and Belmont is that one place is where money is made and the other where it is spent. One is characterised by light and sunshine and the other by moonlight and music. Wealth is described in almost sensuous terms like when Salerio says â€Å"†¦touching but my gentle vessel’s side†¦Enrobe the roaring waters with my silks.† And in an ironic way later love is talked about in commercial terms. Another contrast is presented when the scenes shift from Venice to Belmont. When we hear of Shylock’s hatred and his terms of the bond, our anxiety builds. But then the play moves on to Belmont and the mood shifts from a sort of harshness and tension to a world of romance and graciousness. The most striking contrast is between the court room scene in Act IV and the opening scene of Act V which takes place on a starlit, romantic night in Belmont. Venice could also be a sort of â€Å"a disguise† for London. Venice is â€Å"poised between Christians† on one hand whose acquisitive practices do not match up with their protestations against usury and Jews on the other whose dealings rest on the â€Å"double pillars of expediency and Levitical Law† Shylock’s attitude to money is contrasted with that of the Christians. Merchant Of Venice - Plot Structure :: Free Merchant of Venice Essays Show how the plot of ‘The Merchant of Venice’ is apparently fanciful but in reality exactingly structured. â€Å"The Merchant of Venice is a fairy tale. There is no more reality in Shylock’s bond and the Lord of Belmont’s will than in Jack and the Beanstalk.† H. Granville-Barker, in Prefaces to Shakespeare. This is one way of looking at the play, reading it or enjoying the performance. But it can be a contradiction to our actual feelings about this complex play. ‘The Merchant of Venice’ might appear to be a romantic tale without much logic but that would be a superficial interpretation. Portia’s father may have raised our concerns in taking away her freedom to choose her beloved; Shylock’s bond and those conditions may violate most legal codes; but the way the play moves takes one beyond these doubts and objections. In ‘The Merchant of Venice’ Shakespeare creates an interesting contrast between the mercantile and tumultuous city of Venice and the peaceful and gracious world of Belmont. The striking difference between these two settings helps to capture and maintain our attention. There are differences in the value of systems of the people belonging to the two different cities. The contrast between Venice and Belmont is that one place is where money is made and the other where it is spent. One is characterised by light and sunshine and the other by moonlight and music. Wealth is described in almost sensuous terms like when Salerio says â€Å"†¦touching but my gentle vessel’s side†¦Enrobe the roaring waters with my silks.† And in an ironic way later love is talked about in commercial terms. Another contrast is presented when the scenes shift from Venice to Belmont. When we hear of Shylock’s hatred and his terms of the bond, our anxiety builds. But then the play moves on to Belmont and the mood shifts from a sort of harshness and tension to a world of romance and graciousness. The most striking contrast is between the court room scene in Act IV and the opening scene of Act V which takes place on a starlit, romantic night in Belmont. Venice could also be a sort of â€Å"a disguise† for London. Venice is â€Å"poised between Christians† on one hand whose acquisitive practices do not match up with their protestations against usury and Jews on the other whose dealings rest on the â€Å"double pillars of expediency and Levitical Law† Shylock’s attitude to money is contrasted with that of the Christians.

Legalization of Marijuana :: Weed Drugs Argumentative Essays

For many years the use of marijuana for medical purposes has been an issue of controversial discussion. Many claim that marijuana is a drug that has proven itself to be of no medical value in the treatment of terminal illnesses. Those who feel this way, usually ignore the long history of marijuana’s medical uses; a history that goes back thousands of years ago. The drug has aided many people with the coping of terminal diseases. The use of marijuana as a medicinal herb has allowed many with no hope, to enjoy life more fully and lead rather decent life-styles. Marijuana has been erroneously classified as an addictive drug that causes unrepairable psychological side effects. This may be true if marijuana is taken in heavy doses and for recreational purposes. The real fact however, is that this condition could occur with the abuse of any drug, whether it is legalized by the Medical Board or not. If marijuana is abused, it is being used in an abnormal manner, therefore possibly le ading to severe emotional reactions and personality changes. Marijuana should be classified as a non-addictive drug thereby being legalized for medical purposes. The use of marijuana, under medical observation and through proper doses, in fact will not create a drug-addict, but rather it will enhance and increase the chances of a better life style.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All throughout the different epochs of this world’s history, cannibis sativa and cannibis indica, more commonly known as marijuana, has verified to its users its medicinal powers. Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most active ingredient out of the already known 460 compounds found in cannibis. It is present in large amounts and is extremely psychoactive (Grinspoon and Bakalar). The first known record of marijuana use for medical purposes was in 2737 B.C. by a Chinese emperor by the name of Chen-nung. He recommended it for the treatment of malaria, constipation, rheumatic pains, absent-mindedness, and female disorders. After Chen-nung discoveries, many cultures acquired the emperor’s knowledge and accepted the therapeutic benefits of the medicinal plant. For example, in India, â€Å"Cannabis has been recommended to quicken the mind, lower fevers, induce sleep, cure dysentery, stimulate appetite, improve digestion, relive headaches, and cure v eneral diseases† (Grinspoon and Bakalar). Other places where marijuana began to make a big impact were Persia, Assayria, Greece, Africa, South America, Turkey, and Egypt. Within the realms of Western medicine, cannibis began to demonstrate its abilities from 1840 to 1900.

Lysistrata Essay -- essays research papers

Lysistrata A play about making war – and not making love†¦ The Talbot Theatre production of Lysistrata both entertained and delighted this member of the audience, who was there partly because of an English assignment requirement, but mainly because of the opportunity to enjoy a live theatre production. The theatre company employed many different components to bring this antiwar play to life that evening on the stage. These components can be broken into three categories, which visually enhanced the text of the play. The first of these categories is the setting, the stage lighting, and the props. The second component is the symbolism of some of those props, and the third component is the character portrayals by the actors on the stage. To take us back to ancient Greece, the props master employed a very simple interpretation using columns on a raised set of steps, with a backdrop of blue. To add to the feel of the era, a statue stands in the middle of the platform. This platform serves double duty as the Akropolis and as the Citadel, both of which the women have occupied. When the men light a fire below the walls of the Akropolis, smoke pours out of the bundle of sticks, making it appear as if a fire has really been ignited. Fortunately the women are ready and the fire is extinguished and the men all doused with water, which is portrayed well with buckets and actions that look as if the men are being driven away by the water. When Kinesias comes to see Myrrhine, and they he...

Action Research Proposal

In 1980, a new curriculum KBSR (or integrated curriculum for primary school) was introduced in order to develop individuals who are more rounded and versatile. Later on, the KBSM (the integrated curriculum for secondary school) was implemented as the students progressed to secondary school. As a continuation of the strategy, the secondary school program was developed, whereby it is emphasizing on the teaching of four language skills (reading, listening, writing, and speaking). Besides that, sound system, grammar and vocabulary are also included as the content of the syllabus. Here, the purpose of the strategy is to upgrade general proficiency of English Language among Malaysian students. Most of the tasks listed in our syllabus are focusing on the communicative purpose. But, in fact, classroom approaches are usually depends on the teacher to decide the best methods for his or her own class. For the primary level pupil, they learn English eight periods a week from Standard One to Standard Three and seven periods a week from Standard Four to Standard Six. At the secondary level, students learn English five periods a week. Myriad of background, ranging from diverse ethnicity closely consisting of Malay, Chinese and Indian students to differences in personality traits and motivational levels and types are the unique features of our Malaysian school classrooms. There is a growing trend in language education today to shift the focus from the teacher to learner. This view sees the learner as the active participant in the learning process and the teacher’s role not only to teach the learner â€Å"what to learn† but to teach the learner â€Å"how to learn†. In other words the teacher’s prime role is to help learners become independent or autonomous learners I have been in SJK (T) Pengkalan Hulu for about three months. I have been given responsibility to teach English Language for Year 4 pupils. The pupils in my class are with different learning ability and different competence level. There are good, moderate and weak pupils in my class. Therefore, I need to manage myself to be familiar with the pupils’ attitude and behavior. In addition, I need to know their needs in learning process whereby they have different level of English Language competency. The English language competency level among the Year 4 pupils of SJK (T) Pengkalan Hulu is mix between low and moderate level. They are very weak in vocabulary and pronunciation. Failure to master both aspects need to be tackled to meet the challenge to produce students who are able to communicate and versatile.

Most Dangerous Game Essay Essay

â€Å"The most dangerous game† by Richard Conell is a short story about a stimulating hunt that a professional hunter who is tired of hunting animals and wants to try something more strenuous and amusing – hunting humans. It presents two characters that have experienced the dangers and thrills of hunting throughout their whole life. Just by reading the title of this story, you can figure out that a large number of conflicts occur. After all, it is a dangerous game that will include two players, hunters in this case, battling each other and only one has to survive. This essay will contemplate and revolve around examples of conflicts that were manifested in the story. There are two types of conflict: external and internal. External conflict is a struggle that occurs between a character and outside forces, which can be the environment. Whereas internal conflict is a mental or emotional struggle that occurs within a character. The conflicts encountered during the story are definitely a struggle for â€Å"Survival of the Fittest†. You could say that the main conflict was the fight for survival between the protagonist and antagonist (man versus man). Sanger Rainsford, the main character, suffered many conflicts. He came across a conflict with nature, a conflict with general Zaroff, a conflict with himself, and a conflict with fate. Not only did Rainsford experience these conflicts, but also his opponent general Zaroff. The conflict with general Zaroff versus Rainsford is the most apparent and obvious conflict. Zaroff uses Rainsford as his quarry to accomplish an entertaining yet dangerous game. Rainsford has to survive in the hunt against Zaroff and his cohort in crime, Ivan. He has to use his wit and knowledge to outsmart Zaroff who has been playing the â€Å"game† a lot longer than he has. Rainsford thought of strategies that he used in the past while hunting animals to escape and triumph over the general’s bloodcurdling and amusing game. He had to do anything and everything just to survive, which caused more conflicts to interfere. He had shown his tenacity to live by making traps. The two characters had to face each other in the ultimate test for survival. General Zaroff says, â€Å"It’s a game you see. I suggest to one of them that we go hunting. I give him a supply of food and an excellent hunting knife. I give him three hours to start. I am to follow, armed only with a pistol of the smallest caliber and range. If my quarry eludes me for three whole days, he wins the game. If I find him, he loses! † Rainsford said, â€Å"Hunting? General Zaroff, what you speak of is murder. † However, Rainsford ended up winning the game by killing Zaroff and sleeping on his bed. Rainsford resolved the conflict throughout the story and the suspense was eased from there. Hence, a hunter uses tricks against another hunter to stay alive. That’s exactly what Rainsford did in order to clinch the victory of this dangerous game. The second type of this conflict occurred at the beginning of the story where Rainsford and his partner Whitney debate about hunting. Rainsford finds hunting to be the greatest sport and shows no empathy for his prey. He believes that the world is made up of two classes – the hunter and the hunted, while Whitney disagrees with his point of view. Throughout the story, Rainsford experiences karma and the fear of being hunted. Many of Rainsford’s actions had to be carefully thought of, that is why he had internal conflicts. The most important conflicts on this story were with his inner self (Human versus self). During the game, he is internally debating the decisions as he is hoping to survive. One of the decisions he had to come up with rapidly was to decide which island to swim to. After General Zaroff had explained the game to Rainsford, he had to also make another decision. He had to also decide what traps to put out. Rainsford kept battling his pretty strong emotions, namely fear, in his fight against Zaroff. Rainsford realizes the painful way that being hunted isn’t fun, whether it’s a beast or human. The General also experienced conflict within himself at the time when he treats life as a game â€Å"God made me a hunter†. He realized that hunting animals began to bore him so he decided to move on to the next stage, hunting humans. Boredom is an internal conflict Zaroff tries to overcome through his twisted game. Ultimately, it leads to his demise. Character versus Nature is a conflict that also shows the character struggling to survive against the natural elements. Rainsford had a conflict with the sea when he fell off his yacht. He had faced many hardships and had to do it to survive or the waves take him away. He also had to survive on an unknown island running in the jungle blindly in the mist and the black sky to escape from the General. Surviving in the jungle at night itself presents special challenges and conflicts to Rainsford. Character versus society is a type of conflict when a character fights against the social traditions or rules. This conflict only entails the General that decided to buy his own island for his own leisure. To hunt humans is permanently unacceptable in society. Zaroff violates that rule and creates his own rule to keep himself indulged. Character versus fate is the last conflict that will be proclaimed in this essay. Zaroff and Rainsford both fought against destiny from the commencement of the hunt. Who was going to win this dangerous game? Who was going to outsmart whom? Albeit the general is more experienced than Rainsford when it comes to hunting, he still lost to the hunt. Rainsford set up traps to outsmart his foe and used his skills to evade the hunt. He reached his destiny by putting all his effort in this survival game. Each conflict pinpointed in this essay was resolved at the denouement of this story. Sanger Rainsford and General Zaroff had overcome many conflicts in this short story. Rainsford was the only character that made the precise decisions each time. Suspense was the key to all of these conflicts and they changed Rainsford’s life.

Manifestations of vandalism Essay

Some say that the youths of today are irresponsible. This view merits consideration because it is debatable. Nowadays, vandalism become a trend around the teenagers. According in the Oxford Dictionary vandalism means a destruction by vandals. This vandalism has become a culture for the teenagers. This issue is making a country so ashamed towards the others country. There are many factors, effect and resolution for this issue. We must take a action to reduce this vandalism among the teenagers. Teenagers are the product of a community system. Dysfunctional society will eventually produce a flawed product. Attitude of some people now who cared more about materialistic and indifferent to social issues certainly complicate the existing problem. According to many studies vandalism occurred in the city. Youth scribbling and damaging public property rather than not educated but the generation born in the city is difficult to control. In urban areas some people do not care for what is happening around them. By the youth feel that they are free to pursue this regardless of the negative symptoms of a sense of responsibility towards public property. Vandalism activities also have adverse effects on society. Activity causing vandalism of public property such as public telephones and so destroyed. It will be difficult for the community if they had to use public facilities for emergency purposes. Vandalism is often underestimated by the local community. They just sit back while the vandalism happened in front of their eyes. Finally people also suffer from the heinous activities. Community is difficult to make contact during emergency situations. Example public phones damaged during house is on fire. In addition, the community is not comfortable while using other public property. Example wet while waiting for the bus because the bus stop damaged roof could not stop because of the rain. Graffiti on the walls of public toilets worsen and encourage the younger generation to emulate these unhealthy symptoms. In addition, vandalism activities also affect the country. Vandalism activities cause and affect the country’s image tarnished Malaysia’s economic position. This is due to the lack of the arrival of tourists from outside to Malaysia because of the bad environment and attitudes of the  people who do not care. In effect, the country’s tourism industry will decline. Industries in tourism is among the contributors to the country’s economic position. Decline in tourism caused by losses due to unemployed people had to repair and improve infrastructure and public facilities have been destroyed. Read more:  Causes of Vandalism Essay Many vandalism phenomena that can affect the eye can see and this certainly affects the image of the country. Total losses due to this vandalism is enormous. Allocation of funds used for refurbishing and repairing damaged facilities is better if used for other projects that are more beneficial. This course will benefit the nation as a whole. There are many factors of being this vandalism among the teenagers. The first factors is peer influence. Peer influence can lead to vandalism. Teenagers usually easier to copy and influence by their peers. Peer influence will shape the attitudes, values and behaviours among the youth, especially youth who have dropped out and family problem. Usually, teenagers who commit vandalism is a teenager in the group, they do not have a purpose and when gathered arise include scribbling ideas and damaging public property. Peer influence also make the teenagers become incautious about their studies and not focus about their education. Moreover, parenting and family also one of the factors of being the vandalism among the teenagers. Parents are the impetus for the nature of vandalism among teenagers. For example, when driving parents littering or skin of fruits such as rambutan and oranges while ignoring the speed limit signs. Some teenagers who get caught in symptom vandalism comes from troubled families or families that practice negative life. According to a study carried out revenge vandalism by teenagers who want to be free and a troubled family background. Besides lack of proper control and guidance of parents also among the main factor influence youth stuck in negative symptoms. Therefore, the measures to overcome the problem of vandalism among teenagers should be implemented immediately.First of all, parents should carry out an important role in cleaning up the vandalism. They need to monitor the activities of their children so as not slipping into the negative. Not only that, but mixing children should also be monitored in order to not make a mistake in choosing a partner. Moreover, parents should inculcate in themselves divinity children since childhood. This is so because of religious knowledge can become a major fortification in preventing young people from influenced by negative elements like  vanadalisme activities. If parents fulfill their roles properly, definitely vandalism can be easily overcome. Furthermore, role of society and the school should have to help this issue to reduce the vandalism among the teenagers. Every member of society should be concerned about and pay attention to their children not to do this wrong, and people should be aware of what is happening around them. Community needs to be proactive against vandalism symptoms that occur in their area. In addition members of the community can play a vital role to provide an understanding of how bad moral vandalism. The school should provide advice and guidance to students about the importance of public property. Younger generation should be explained in detail about their responsibility for public property. Explain to students what their feelings if their school bags defaced or torn by irresponsible people such awareness will partly reflect the importance of attitude and responsibility. Therefore, all parties, particularly the parents, the community, the government and schools should work together and carry out their obligations in order to reduce the symptoms of this increasingly serious. If the intention is successfully implemented, it is possible our country can stand, sit low in developed countries. Hopefully, with this solution, we are able to realize the Vision 2020 and is famous the world over.